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Date: April 29, 2024 Mon
Time: 9:15 pm
Time: 9:15 pm
Results for peer influences
5 results foundAuthor: Giordano, Peggy C. Title: Adolescent Dating Violence: The Influence of Friendships and School Context Summary: Prior research has examined parental and peer influences on adolescent dating violence, but fewer studies have explored the broader social contexts of adolescent life. The present research examines the effect of variations in school context on IPV perpetration, while taking into account parental, peer and demographic factors. Results indicate that net of parents’ and friends’ use of violence, the normative climate of schools, specifically school-level partner violence, is a significant predictor of respondents’ own IPV. Norms about dating also contributed indirectly to odds of experiencing IPV. However, a more general measure of school-level use of violence toward friends is not strongly related to variations in IPV, suggesting the need to focus on domain-specific influences. Details: Bowling Green, Ohio: Department of Sociology and Center for Family and Demographic Research Bowling Green State University, 2013. 30p. Source: Internet Resource: 2013 Working Paper Series: Accessed May 15, 2013 at: http://www.bgsu.edu/organizations/cfdr/file130328.pdf Year: 2013 Country: United States URL: http://www.bgsu.edu/organizations/cfdr/file130328.pdf Shelf Number: 128734 Keywords: Dating Violence (U.S.)Intimate Partner ViolencePeer Influences |
Author: Englander, Elizabeth Title: Low Risk Associated with Most Teenage Sexting: A Study of 617 18-Year-Olds Summary: This report describes research conducted in 2011 and 2012 on 617 subjects, 30% of whom reported sexting. The report details the frequency of sexting behaviors as well as the relationship between coerced and non-coerced sexting, sexting and gender differences, characteristics of sexters, and data on risk of discovery and social conflict following engaging in sexting. The study revealed that most risk associated with sexting is experienced by youth who are coerced into sexting; they are more impacted emotionally by the experience, and are more likely to have a prior victimization. Risk of discovery and social conflict was highest for coerced sexters but still generally low. Details: Bridgewater, MA: Massachusetts Aggression Reduction Center (MARC), Bridgewater State University, 2012. 13p. Source: Internet Resource: MARC Research Reports. Paper 6: Accessed June 3, 2013 at: http://vc.bridgew.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1003&context=marc_reports Year: 2012 Country: United States URL: http://vc.bridgew.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1003&context=marc_reports Shelf Number: 128925 Keywords: Peer InfluencesSextingTeenagers (Sexual Behavior) |
Author: Dari, Elisa Title: Embedded Violence and Youth: The Transmission and Perpetuation of Violence in Post-War Sierra Leone Summary: War exerts an undeniably significant influence on the values, norms, behaviour and attitudes which constitute the shared culture of the society. During prolonged armed conflicts, the exposure to extreme violence creates a 'culture of violence' in which violence becomes embedded in the values system of the society and is therefore permitted and condoned, making violence resilient to peace-building efforts and therefore likely to recur. In order to understand how a 'culture of violence' persists long after the official end of war, it is necessary to understand how it is transmitted to younger generations and through them is carried over into peace time. This thesis aims to explore and understand the phenomenon of transmission of a 'culture of violence' focusing on youths as carriers of such transmission. To analyse the phenomenon, an integrative and comprehensive analytical framework was developed and a case study was chosen to which to apply the framework. The case study is Sierra Leone. The analytical framework is constituted by four 'spaces' of transmission which have emerged from the preliminary research. The four 'spaces' are: poverty, family, peers and social groups. The analytical framework was then utilised during the fieldwork stage of the project in order to identify the relevance of each 'space' as well as the interactions at work among the various 'spaces'. From the material collected during fieldwork, poverty and family emerged as structural factors of the process of transmission while peers and social groups emerged as immediate factors. As a result of the fieldwork political factionalism was added to the analytical framework as a fifth 'space'. The analysis of the fieldwork material revealed how the different 'spaces’ are inextricably connected with one another and how they support each other while creating a network of forces that supports and perpetuates the transmission of a 'culture of violence'. Details: St. Andrews, Scotland: St. Andrews University, 2011. 172p. Source: Internet Resource: Dissertation: Accessed July 23, 2016 at: https://research-repository.st-andrews.ac.uk/handle/10023/1891 Year: 2011 Country: Sierra Leone URL: https://research-repository.st-andrews.ac.uk/handle/10023/1891 Shelf Number: 139813 Keywords: At-Risk YouthCulture of ViolencePeer InfluencesViolence |
Author: Shortt, Joann Wu Title: Predicting Intimate Partner Violence for At-Risk Young Adults and Their Romantic Partners Summary: Intimate partner violence (IPV) in young men and women's romantic relationships is widely recognized as a significant public health problem due to its high prevalence, consequences for physical and mental health, and persistent nature. Work is needed on identifying both the developmental precursors to IPV and the pathways by which early risk increases susceptibility to IPV in order to develop targeted, timely, and effective interventions. The work funded under this National Institute of Justice award combined a prospective longitudinal component on how developmental risk factors in childhood predicted IPV in young adulthood with a proximal component on how concurrent contextual risk factors were related to IPV. Study Aims were tested using data collected over a 15-year period. Secondary analyses with 323 young adults (184 women, 139 men; average age 21 years) and their romantic partners (146 women, 177 men; average age 22 years) participating in the community-based Linking the Interests of Families and Teachers (LIFT) Study were conducted to examine pathways (i.e., prospective mediational models) predictive of IPV. The models were based on Dynamic Developmental Systems theory, which specifies how family, peer, and adolescent adjustment factors, and how couple and young adult adjustment factors (proximal associations), are related to IPV. The long-term impacts of the LIFT preventive intervention, which was intended to prevent aggression during and following elementary school, on IPV were also examined. Results Findings from five major sets of analyses were presented in journal articles. Areas of interest included examining pathways to IPV from childhood (i.e., prospective mediational risk models) with family and peer risk factors, examining young adult (proximal) IPV associations with substance use and relationship quality, as well as investigating the long-term effects of the LIFT intervention on IPV. Couples' IPV prevalence rates were relatively high. Most IPV was bidirectional or mutual, with men and women both perpetrating and being victims of IPV. Findings on developmental risk factors in childhood supported the intergenerational transmission of violence hypothesis. Childhood experiences of interparent IPV and experiences of coercive parenting (i.e., unskilled parenting) in the family-of-origin heightened the risk of IPV involvement in young adult romantic relationships. Findings also suggest that intergenerational processes and developmental pathways may be gendered. Pathways from family risk factors to IPV were via increased likelihood of problematic development in the youth, such as adolescent antisocial behavior, particularly for young men. Association with delinquent peers during adolescence was identified as a pathway to later IPV. Findings on contextual risk factors within young adulthood suggest important partner influences, such that partner characteristics of antisocial behavior and delinquent peer association also predict IPV above and beyond childhood risk factors. Men and women within couples were similar in levels of substance use, and there were associations between substance use and IPV particularly for men and for poly-substance users. Lastly, although the LIFT prevention program improved children's social and problem-solving skills and reduce physical aggression during childhood, the LIFT intervention did not appear to prevent IPV during young adulthood. Details: Eugene, OR: Oregon Social Learning Center, 2016. 20p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed May 4, 2017 at: https://www.ncjrs.gov/pdffiles1/nij/grants/250668.pdf Year: 2016 Country: United States URL: https://www.ncjrs.gov/pdffiles1/nij/grants/250668.pdf Shelf Number: 145301 Keywords: Anti-Social BehaviorAt-Risk YouthDrug-Related CrimeIntimate Partner ViolencePeer InfluencesYoung Adult Offenders |
Author: Ivaschenko, Oleksiy Title: Can Public Works Programs Reduce Youth Crime? Evidence from Papua New Guinea's Urban Youth Employment Project Summary: Crime rates in Papua New Guinea's capital city of Port Moresby are among the highest in the world. Few youth work, and good jobs are scarce. In 2013, the National Capital District Commission partnered with the World Bank to implement the Urban Youth Employment Project. The project offers out-of-school and out-of-work youth two months of public works employment or, for academically qualified candidates, six months of classroom and on-the-job training. This paper presents difference-in-difference estimates of project impacts on participants' social and criminal behavior, 12 to 18 months after completion. The control group consists of observably similar youth living in areas not served by the program. Project participants became less likely to hang out with friends at night, have a best friend involved in crime, and have friends involved in fights or robberies. The program also increased subsequent employment rates, and significantly reduced aggressive behavior and gratuitous property damage. However, there is little robust evidence that the program reduced participants' engagement in or exposure to crime. The study concludes that the program had strong and healthy effects on participants' peer group and behavior, but more limited effects on the socioeconomic causes of crime. Details: Washington, DC: Social Protection and Labor Global Practice Group & Poverty and Equity Global Practice Group, 2017. 38p. Source: Internet Resource: World Bank Policy Research Working Paper No. 8032: Accessed May 4, 2017 at: https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2954860 Year: 2017 Country: Papua New Guinea URL: https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2954860 Shelf Number: 145305 Keywords: At-Risk Youth Employment Programs Inequality Jobs Peer InfluencesPublic Works Socioeconomic Conditions and Crime Youth Employment |